These Small Words Can Be Tricky for Young Learners
Jodie Shell • October 1, 2020

What is the definition of the word “of”? Think about it for a moment. It’s one of those words you just knew from the time you were a child. You know how to use it and you can tell when it’s being used incorrectly, but you’ve probably never had to think about what it actually means.

“Of” is one of  ten high-frequency words that make up 25% of the recorded English language. Although we use small words like “of” often, they can be tricky for young English language learners. How do you teach an English language learner the meaning of this word if you aren’t even sure of the actual definition yourself? Well, you could give him one of the twelve definitions listed in the Merriam-Webster online dictionary, but he probably wouldn’t understand most of them. For example, the first definition for “of” is: “used as a function word to indicate a point of reckoning”. Is that the first thing you thought of when you were trying to come up with the definition?

Children have an easier time learning nouns and verbs. After all, it’s easier to explain a “dog” and “jumps” than a word like “the”, “be”, or “of”. These small words are sight words, and the best way to learn sight words is through repeated exposure. That’s how you learned the correct way to use “of” yourself, by hearing it often in conversation, and seeing it repeatedly in text when you started reading. It is not really one of those words that you can “sound out”, so you need to visually memorize it, which is also known as orthographic processing. With orthographic processing, you learn to recognize the word from repeated exposures, so there is no need for an explanation on what it is or how to use it correctly; you just know the word over time.

According to  Paul Nation , a leading language teaching methodology and vocabulary acquisition linguist researcher, a learner may need up to 15 or more exposures to learn a new vocabulary word or phrase. This may also be the reason why young children will ask to read the same story over and over and over again.  Results from a 2011 study  exploring how young children recall and retain new words through storybooks show that one group of children who heard the same stories repeatedly retained select new words much better than a second group of children who heard those same new words but in different stories; both groups heard the new words the same number of times. The data suggests “reading children stories multiple times in succession has a dramatic beneficial effect on vocabulary learning.”

March 27, 2025
In the dynamic environment of multilingual learner classrooms, data-driven instruction paired with formative assessments plays a pivotal role in creating effective and engaging learning experiences. Let's explore how these strategies can benefit both teachers and students. The Power of Formative Assessments Formative assessments are essential tools that offer real-time insights into student progress, enabling educators to refine their teaching methods. Here's why they're indispensable: Immediate Feedback : By providing instant insights, formative assessments help teachers adjust their instructional strategies to better meet student needs. Customized Learning : These assessments allow lessons to be tailored to individual student needs, moving away from generic approaches to more personalized instruction. Increased Engagement : When lessons are precisely aligned with a student's current understanding, engagement and participation naturally increase. Effective Formative Assessment Techniques Incorporating a variety of assessment techniques keeps the classroom lively and informative: Quizzes : These quick assessments help identify which language concepts students have mastered and which need more attention. Peer Reviews : Students work together to provide feedback, fostering a collaborative and supportive learning environment. Self-Assessments : Encouraging students to evaluate their own progress promotes self-awareness and active participation in their learning journey. Benefits of Data-Driven Instruction Utilizing data from formative assessments allows for a more strategic approach to teaching: Targeted Instruction : Teachers can develop activities that address specific areas of difficulty, such as pronunciation exercises or vocabulary games. Supportive Learning Environment : Continuous feedback nurtures a growth mindset, encouraging students to view learning as an ongoing process. Enhanced Language Acquisition : Focusing on individual language skills helps students build a robust foundation for more rapid and confident language learning. In summary, integrating data-driven instruction with formative assessments transforms the ESL classroom into an engaging and effective learning space. By using these strategies, educators can better support student growth and development, ultimately leading to more successful language acquisition. If you would love to learn about the GrapeSEED Curriculum and our formative assessments, known as ‘Quick Checks’, just head to our website by clicking here .
March 17, 2025
Welcome to the world of dynamic learning, where initiation and perseverance are the secret superhero skills every elementary school student needs! These executive function skills are the power-ups that help students start tasks with enthusiasm and stick with them until the very end. Let's dive into some creative ways to nurture these skills and make your classroom a hub of engaged learners! Why Initiation and Perseverance Matter: Cultivating initiation and perseverance in students is like giving them the keys to academic success. These skills not only help students tackle homework and projects but also prepare them for real-world challenges. By fostering these abilities, you're equipping your students with resilience and self-motivation that will serve them beyond the classroom. Strategies to Encourage Initiation: Start with a Bang : Kick off lessons with intriguing questions or exciting stories to capture students' curiosity. For example, "What if you woke up one day as a superhero? What would your first mission be?" Break It Down: Teach students to divide tasks into smaller, manageable steps. This makes starting less daunting and gives them a clear path forward. Choice Boards: Offer a variety of activities related to the lesson topic and let students pick their starting point. This autonomy boosts their interest and willingness to begin. Classroom Challenges: Set up light-hearted competitions where students can earn points or badges for starting tasks promptly. Who doesn’t love a little friendly rivalry? Building Perseverance: Praise the Process: Focus on effort and strategy rather than just results. Celebrate when students try different approaches and persist through difficulties. Goal Setting: Encourage students to set personal learning goals and track their progress. Seeing small wins adds up to big motivation! Reflection Time: Allow time for students to reflect on what they’ve learned from their challenges. This helps them understand that every hurdle is a learning opportunity. Perseverance Stories: Share stories of famous figures who overcame obstacles. Discuss how perseverance played a role in their success and relate it back to students' own experiences. Fun Activities to Reinforce These Skills: Initiation Stations: Create activity stations around the classroom that students can choose to start with. Each station could have a unique, fun challenge that aligns with the lesson. Perseverance Puzzles: Use puzzles or brain teasers that require patience and strategy. Working through these together can be a rewarding class exercise. Story Time Heroes: Have students write short stories featuring characters who overcome obstacles through perseverance. This can be a creative writing exercise that doubles as a life lesson. Empowering students with the skills of initiation and perseverance transforms your classroom into a vibrant learning environment. By implementing these strategies, you'll help your students become proactive, determined, and ready to tackle any challenge with a smile. Here’s to a classroom full of unstoppable learners! If you would love to learn how GrapeSEED can positively impact your students, just click here!
March 3, 2025
Metacognition refers to the awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes. It involves self-regulation and reflection on how we learn and think, enabling learners to plan, monitor, and evaluate their understanding and performance. Working memory, on the other hand, is the ability to hold and manipulate information in the mind over short periods. It is crucial for reasoning, learning, and comprehension. Importance in Learning Both metacognition and working memory are vital for academic success. Metacognition empowers students to become independent learners by actively managing their cognitive processes. It helps in setting goals, selecting strategies, and assessing the effectiveness of these strategies. Working memory is essential for tasks such as problem-solving and following instructions, directly impacting a student's ability to engage with and process new information. Strategies to Build Metacognition and Working Memory Self-Reflection Exercises: Encourage students to engage in self-reflection by asking them to think about what strategies they used in learning a topic and which were most effective. Journaling about their learning process can help them become more aware of their cognitive strategies. Mnemonic Devices: Use mnemonic devices to enhance working memory. Techniques such as acronyms, visualization, and rhymes can help students remember complex information by associating it with familiar concepts. Chunking Techniques: Teach students to break down large amounts of information into smaller, manageable chunks. This strategy can help enhance working memory by reducing the cognitive load and making it easier to process and recall information. Applying Strategies in Educational Settings Incorporate Self-Assessment: Regular self-assessment helps students practice metacognitive skills. Teachers can provide tools such as checklists or self-questioning techniques to guide students in evaluating their learning. Interactive Learning: Use interactive activities like group discussions and peer teaching to encourage students to verbalize their thought processes, thereby enhancing their metacognitive awareness. Visual and Auditory Aids: Incorporate visual and auditory aids to support memory retention. Diagrams, charts, and multimedia presentations can cater to different learning styles and aid in memory consolidation. By integrating strategies that promote metacognition and working memory, educators can significantly enhance students' learning experiences. Encouraging self-reflection, utilizing mnemonic devices, and implementing chunking techniques can equip students with the tools they need to become effective and independent learners. These skills not only bolster academic achievement but also prepare students for lifelong learning and problem-solving. Intrinsic motivation? Interactive learning? Visual and auditory aids? Did someone say GrapeSEED? To learn more about how we incorporate the strategies mentioned in this article AND MORE into our curriculum and teaching strategies, just click here .
By Jodie Shell February 18, 2025
In the bustling environment of an elementary classroom, harnessing students' attention and self-control can seem daunting, yet these executive functioning skills are crucial for academic success and personal development. As educators, nurturing these skills can empower students to become more focused, resilient, and independent learners. Here’s how teachers can integrate strategies, such as structured routines, mindfulness exercises, and interactive activities, to cultivate these capabilities in young learners. Structured Routines: The Backbone of Classroom Management Establishing a consistent daily routine is a fundamental step in helping students master self-control and attention. Predictable schedules provide a sense of security, helping students understand what is expected at different times of the day. Teachers can start by outlining the day’s agenda at the beginning of each class, using visual aids like charts or calendars. This not only sets clear expectations but also helps students mentally prepare for transitions between activities. Gradually, students learn to manage their time and maintain focus, knowing exactly what comes next. Mindfulness Exercises: Building Inner Focus Incorporating mindfulness exercises into the classroom can significantly enhance students' ability to concentrate and regulate their emotions. Simple activities, such as guided breathing or short meditation sessions, can be seamlessly integrated into the school day. For instance, starting the morning with a five-minute breathing exercise can calm students' minds, setting a focused tone for learning. Mindfulness not only improves attention span but also aids in emotional regulation, helping students pause and think before reacting impulsively. Interactive Activities: Engaging and Educative Interactive activities that require students to follow instructions or work collaboratively can effectively boost their attention and self-control. Games like "Simon Says" or "Red Light, Green Light" require students to listen carefully and respond appropriately, honing their capacity to control impulses and focus on the task at hand. Additionally, activities that involve problem-solving or creative thinking—such as group projects or classroom debates—encourage students to concentrate and engage deeply with their peers and the material. Positive Reinforcement: Encouraging Growth Positive reinforcement plays a pivotal role in developing executive functioning skills. Praise and rewards for demonstrating self-control and attention can motivate students to replicate these behaviors. Teachers can implement systems such as token economies or recognition boards where students earn points or badges for exhibiting focused behavior. Celebrating these achievements fosters a classroom culture that values perseverance and self-regulation. Creating a Supportive Learning Environment Finally, fostering a supportive learning environment is essential. Teachers can create a space where students feel safe to make mistakes and are encouraged to learn from them. Implementing flexible seating arrangements or quiet zones can cater to different learning styles and help maintain focus. By cultivating a classroom atmosphere that respects individual needs and promotes positive interactions, teachers can significantly enhance students’ executive functioning abilities. By incorporating structured routines, mindfulness exercises, interactive activities, and positive reinforcement, teachers can play a pivotal role in developing students' attention and self-control. These skills are not only foundational for academic achievement but are vital for students’ overall personal growth and future success. As educators embrace these strategies, they prepare students to navigate the challenges of the modern world with confidence and competence. At GrapeSEED, we have embraced routine, interaction and creating an encouraging and supportive environment. As a matter of fact, these qualities are a large part of who we are and how our curriculum is structured. Want to learn more about us? Just click here!
Show More
Share by: